jewsee-medicalstudent:Helicobacter Pylori: the stomach survivor. H. Pylori is a Gram-negative, micro
jewsee-medicalstudent:Helicobacter Pylori: the stomach survivor. H. Pylori is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium: it requires oxygen, but at lower concentration than is found in the atmosphere. It is found in the stomach and it contains a hydrogenase which can be used to obtain energy by oxidizing molecular hydrogen (H2) produced by intestinal bacteria. It produces oxidase, catalase, and urease and it is capable of forming biofilms.It was identified in 1982 by Australian scientists Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, who found that it was present in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration, conditions that were not previously believed to have a microbial cause. At the time, the conventional thinking was that no bacterium can live in the human stomach, as the stomach produces extensive amounts of acid, so it was considered sterile.To demonstrate H. pylori caused gastritis and was not merely a bystander, Marshall drank a beaker of H. pylori culture. He became ill with nausea and vomiting several days later. An endoscopy ten days after inoculation revealed signs of gastritis and the presence of H. pylori. They also went on to demonstrate that antibiotics are effective in the treatment of many cases of gastritis. In recognition of their discovery, they were awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Up to 85% of people infected with H. pylori never experience symptoms or complications, but acute infection may appear as an acute gastritis with abdominal pain (stomach ache) or nausea. Where this develops into chronic gastritis, the symptoms, if present, are often those of non-ulcer dyspepsia: stomach pains, nausea, bloating, belching, and sometimes vomiting or black stool. Individuals infected with H. pylori have a 10 to 20% lifetime risk of developing peptic ulcers and a 1 to 2% risk of acquiring stomach cancer.il biofilm è una roba incredibile, dovreste conoscere tutti di cosa si tratta -- source link