Tuff CanyonThis canyon is found in Katmai National Park, Alaska. In 1912, a vent on the side of Katm

Tuff CanyonThis canyon is found in Katmai National Park, Alaska. In 1912, a vent on the side of Katmai Volcano called Novarupta unleashed the largest volcanic eruption in the 20th century. Pyroclastic flows from this vent filled an entire valley, in some places to a depth of 200 meters, creating a desolate landscape that was later nicknamed the “Valley of 10,000 Smokes” due to degassing of the pyroclastic flows.This canyon has been cut by glacial meltwater entirely since the 1912 eruption. The ash from the eruption partially welded itself into new rocks, but this stream found a weak enough spot that it was able to cut a canyon tens of meters deep in only 100 years.Note the large pumices in the exposed part of the canyon wall. Those are larger chunks of molten rock thrown out of the vent during the eruption, now trapped as clast-rich layers in the rock.-JBBImage credit: National Park Servicehttps://flic.kr/p/pyWfpYReference:http://www.avo.alaska.edu/volcanoes/volcinfo.php…http://geology.com/novarupta/ -- source link

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