That a school today has denshō (scrolls which contain the most important technical principles and es
That a school today has denshō (scrolls which contain the most important technical principles and esoteric matters of the school) means very little at all. It has always been extremely easy to purchase denshō for schools either from old teachers/deceased estates or from antique dealers. There are hundreds of ancient denshō even today for sale on Yahoo! auctions.In the Tokugawa period (1600-1868) denshō and school licensing was up for sale to anyone with the means to pay. Following the Meiji Restoration (1868) hundreds of schools either destroyed their denshō or gave them away. After WW II denshō once again became easy to buy and there are many stories of unscrupulous people convincing families into giving them away. Licensing in martial arts has always been up for sale.Yes, even in Japan there are fake martial arts schools. It’s nothing new, having started back in the Tokugawa period. -- source link
#fakeschools#denshō#licensing#martialarts