possessivesuffix: esoanem:mapsontheweb: ‘November’ in European languages. What are the
possessivesuffix: esoanem: mapsontheweb: ‘November’ in European languages. What are the etyma for these? I’ve got: Bright red: Latin november “ninth month” from its position in the year which, in the earliest Roman calendar began with March Dark red: Old Irish samain, the name of a Gaelic festival often associated with Halloween, related either to English “same” or “Summer” (the former seems semantically more likely) Brown: Finnish marras “death” + kuu “month” metaphorically the land dies for winter Dark Green: Proto-Slavic *listopadъ from *lȋstъ “leaf” + *pàdati “to fall/be falling”, cf AmE “fall”, the name for the season after Summer Light Green: from stȗd “cold” Tan: from Arabic قَاسِم qāsim “divider” presumably a reference to seasonal division Light Blue: from paya “straw” from Latin palea, this has me stumped The Green in Sardinia: from Sant-Andria “Saint Andrew’s” after the Saint’s day at the end of the month The Blue in Sardinia: from ognas “all” + santu “saint(s)” in reference to the feast day at the start of the month The Green in Brittany and Cornwall: from common Brythonic *duβ “black”, presumably a reference to shortening days The Green in Wales: from Middle Welsh tachwet “slaughtering”, apparently this was a time when animals were slaughtered That leaves Basque, Lithuanian, and the various Saami and other Uralic ones that I couldn’t find an etymology for use the source, Luke Võro märtekuu means “Martin’s month”. Karelian kylmykuu and Veps kül’mku mean “freezing month”. Northern Sami skábmamánnu and Inari Sami skammâmáánu mean “dark-period month”. Lule Sami basádismánno means “advent month”. Komi vol’gym tolys’ means “first snowfall month”. Nenets njudja pèvdej irij means “a small dark month” (the big one is December). some finetuning / additional notes: (1) “Martin’s month” after St. Martin’s Day on November 11; (2) that’s Livvi actually, Karelian proper would be kylmäkuu; (3) skábma / skammâ is more specifically ‘polar night’, not just any dark period; (4) that should be vöľgym tölyś for Komi (the Cyrillic is correct though). Also I can’t even identify what exact variety rahka is supposed to be, but apparently Ume Sami has for September (!) rahkadamànnoo ‘rut month’. — The only big Volga region dictionary I can check immediately is for Mari, which has the Russic ноябрь and as a native alternative кылме тылзе / külme tülze ‘cold month’. Old Irish samain, the name of a Gaelic festival often associated with Halloween, related either to English “same” or “Summer” (the former seems semantically more likely)Another likely connection is with the Germanic words for “together”, i.e. Proto-Celtic *samani- meant “assembly” rather than “summer festival” -- source link